The Equitable AI Knowledge Hub is a free public resource designed to support advocates, developers, researchers, and practitioners working at the intersection of artificial intelligence (AI) and disability inclusion: Explore evidence-based resources, perspectives and insights addressing key messages, challenges, and opportunities drawn from expertise in the field from across the globe.
This Hub equips users with the knowledge and strategies needed to influence policies, shape inclusive technologies, implement inclusive technologies and promote equitable AI practices. It provides support to enable the potential of AI whilst addressing risks for persons with disabilities.
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Please Note: Some external resources linked in this Knowledge Hub may not be fully accessible, as they were created by third parties. If you have questions or need assistance regarding the Equitable AI Knowledge Hub, please contact us at office@zeroproject.org.
Knowledge Hub
Description
Source
AI for Disability Inclusion. Enabling change with advanced technology
AI for Disability Inclusion. Enabling change with advanced technology
Type: Report Date Published: 0 Author (Publisher): Accenture
Abstract
This report highlights the transformative role of AI in fostering workplace inclusion for persons with disabilities. With over one billion people facing employment barriers, it underscores AI's potential in recruitment, accessibility, and engagement. Guided by the R(AI)S principles—Responsible, Accessible, Inclusive, Secure—the report outlines strategies for ethical AI adoption, addressing risks like algorithmic bias and emphasizing inclusive design. Success stories illustrate how AI empowers accessibility and diversity. The report advocates for a multi-stakeholder approach involving employers, policymakers, academics, and developers to build inclusive ecosystems, offering a roadmap to unlock the potential of diverse talent through technology.
Artificial Intelligence and Facilitation of Employment Opportunities for People with Disabilities
Artificial Intelligence and Facilitation of Employment Opportunities for People with Disabilities
Type: Report Date Published: 0 Author (Publisher): EARN - Employer Assistance and Resource Network on Disability Inclusion
Abstract
This policy brief provides a roadmap for organizations to design, procure and use AI to benefit and not discriminate against people with disabilities. It includes a policy framework; discussion of challenges and opportunities regarding recruiting, hiring and provision of reasonable accommodations; guiding principles; best, promising and emerging practices; and helpful resources.
EARN - Employer Assistance and Resource Network on Disability Inclusion
This policy brief provides a roadmap for organizations to design, procure and use AI to benefit and not discriminate against people with disabilities. It includes a policy framework; discussion of challenges and opportunities regarding recruiting, hiring and provision of reasonable accommodations; guiding principles; best, promising and emerging practices; and helpful resources.
Type: Report Date Published: 2019 Author (Publisher): Meredith Whittaker, Meryl Alper, Cynthia L. Bennett, Sara Hendren, Elizabeth Kaziunas, Mara Mills, Meredith Ringel Morris, Joy Lisi Rankin, Emily Rogers, Marcel Salas, and Sarah Myers West. (AI Now Institute)
Abstract
AI systems are increasingly influencing decisions about access to resources and opportunities, yet they often replicate biases and errors, particularly regarding race and gender. However, AI bias related to disability has been largely overlooked, despite disabled people’s historical marginalization and exclusion from power. This marginalization is embedded in AI’s data and logics, perpetuating harm against those already disadvantaged. The report explores disability, bias, and AI. Drawing on disability studies and activism, it highlights risks, challenges norms enforced by AI, and suggests lessons from disability rights for AI accountability. Centering disability refines approaches to mitigate AI harms.
The report explores disability, bias, and AI. Drawing on disability studies and activism, it highlights risks, challenges norms enforced by AI, and suggests lessons from disability rights for AI accountability. Centering disability refines approaches to mitigate AI harms.
Checklist for Employers: Facilitating the Hiring of People with Disabilities Through the Use of eRecruiting Screening Systems, Including AI
Checklist for Employers: Facilitating the Hiring of People with Disabilities Through the Use of eRecruiting Screening Systems, Including AI
Type: Report Date Published: 0 Author (Publisher): EARN - Employer Assistance and Resource
Abstract
eRecruiting systems, including those that utilize artificial intelligence (AI), are becoming more commonly used to screen candidates, streamline the application process, provide training and disseminate information to employees and increase productivity. When used fairly, these systems can facilitate workforce diversity and inclusion and support efforts to recruit, hire, retain and advance people with disabilities. This checklist, co-authored by EARN and the Partnership on Employment & Accessible Technology (PEAT), highlights questions and issues that leadership, human resources personnel, equal employment opportunity managers and procurement officers should consider regarding the accessibility and equitable use of eRecruiting screening tools.
EARN - Employer Assistance and Resource Network on Disability Inclusion
eRecruiting systems, including AI tools, are transforming hiring and workforce management. When used equitably, they enhance diversity and inclusion, benefiting people with disabilities. This checklist by EARN and PEAT helps leaders ensure accessibility and fairness in eRecruiting practices.
Algorithm-driven Hiring Tools: Innovative Recruitment or Expedited Disability Discrimination?
Algorithm-driven Hiring Tools: Innovative Recruitment or Expedited Disability Discrimination?
Type: Report Date Published: 2020 Author (Publisher): Center for Democracy and Technology
Abstract
Algorithm-driven hiring tools are increasingly used to process job applications efficiently but pose significant discrimination risks, particularly for people with disabilities. These tools evaluate candidates using video analysis, online tests, and resume screenings, often rejecting applicants based on biased criteria, such as work gaps due to disability. The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) requires hiring tools to be accessible and not exclude disabled candidates unless criteria are job-related and essential. Many tools fail these standards, assessing traits irrelevant to job performance. This report emphasizes the need for employers, vendors, and regulators to address these risks, ensure fairness, and reconsider the tools' appropriateness.
Algorithm-driven hiring tools streamline job applications but often discriminate against people with disabilities, failing Americans with Disabilities Act standards. This report emphasizes the need for employers, vendors, and regulators to address these risks and ensure fairness.
Accessibility Standards Canada (ASC) is developing the Accessible and Equitable Artificial Intelligence (AI) Systems Standard (CAN-ASC-6.2), as a regulatory standard of the Accessible Canada Act. The draft standard will be the first standard to address barriers, risks, and opportunities specific to persons with disabilities. The draft standard is also designed to account for the unpredictable pace of change of AI systems. A kick-off keynote will be delivered by Dr. Jutta Treviranus, the chair of the ASC standard committee and director of the Inclusive Design Research Centre, who drafted the seed standard. Introduction of Keynote Speaker by Pina D’Intino, CPACC, Senior Accessibility Adviser, Strategist and Business Implementation, Aequum Global Access Inc.
Accessibility Standards Canada is developing the Accessible and Equitable AI Systems Standard (CAN-ASC-6.2) under the Accessible Canada Act. This first-of-its-kind standard addresses barriers, risks, and opportunities for persons with disabilities, adapting to AI's rapid changes.
Artificial Intelligence (AI) can significantly improve the lives of people with disabilities. Smart devices and technologies like route planning software, robotic arms, and prosthetic limbs are helping those with sight loss and physical disabilities. As technology becomes more integrated into daily life, it is increasingly favored by those needing assistance. Although some AI technologies are still new, they hold great potential. This paper explores how AI has enhanced living standards for people with disabilities, its future possibilities, and potential legal issues in India. The authors emphasize making daily activities easier for people with disabilities through AI. (Access to full PDF is restricted to subscribers)
Disability Discrimination using Artificlal Intelligence and Social Scoring - Can we Disable Digital Bias?
Disability Discrimination using Artificlal Intelligence and Social Scoring - Can we Disable Digital Bias?
Type: Academic Date Published: 2021 Author (Publisher): Nizan Geslevich Packin (Journal of International and Comparative Law)
Abstract
Algorithmic assessments of personal characteristics gleaned from social networks are regularly used to rate people in fields ranging from insurance premiums, to hiring decisions and employment chances, to social security benefits. These algorithms comb through huge datasets (such as informati on uploaded by users on social networks) to "learn" correlations and trends between certain characteristics and to generate "people-rankings", which systematically rate individuals based on social, reputational, physical, mental and even behavioural features. Because such algorithms equally apply to people with, and without, disabilities,
Law and Artificial Intelligence - Regulating AI and Applying AI in Legal Practice
Law and Artificial Intelligence - Regulating AI and Applying AI in Legal Practice
Type: Academic Date Published: 2022 Author (Publisher): Bart Custers, Eduard Fosch-Villaronga (Springer)
Abstract
The book deals with the intersection of law and Artificial Intelligence (AI). Law and AI interact in two different ways, which are both covered in this book: law can regulate AI and AI can be applied in legal practice. (Access to full PDF is restricted to subscribers)
Type: Academic Date Published: 2024 Author (Publisher): Christo El Morr, Bushra Kundi, Fariah Mobeen, Sarah Taleghani, Yahya El-Lahib, and Rachel Gorman (Health Informatics Journal)
Abstract
The review’s findings revealed AI’s potential to enhance healthcare; however, it showed a high prevalence of a narrow medical model of disability and an ableist perspective in AI research. This raises concerns about the perpetuation of biases and discrimination against individuals with disabilities in the development and deployment of AI technologies. Conclusion: We recommend shifting towards a social model of disability, promoting interdisciplinary collaboration, addressing AI bias and discrimination, prioritizing privacy and security in AI development, focusing on accessibility and usability, investing in education and training, and advocating for robust policy and regulatory frameworks.
Christo El Morr et al. (Health Informatics Journal)
2024
Artificial intelligence (AI) can enhance life experiences and present challenges for people with disabilities. Objectives: This study aims to investigate the relationship between AI and disability, exploring the potential benefits and challenges of using AI for people with disabilities.
AI Driven Personalisation and Disability Inclusion
AI Driven Personalisation and Disability Inclusion
Type: Academic Date Published: 2021 Author (Publisher): Mike Wald (Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence)
Abstract
This study aims to help people working in the field of AI understand some of the unique issues regarding disabled people and examines the relationship between the terms “Personalisation” and “Classification” with regard to disability inclusion. Classification using big data struggles to cope with the individual uniqueness of disabled people, and whereas developers tend to design for the majority so ignoring outliers, designing for edge cases would be a more inclusive approach
This study aims to help people working in the field of AI understand some of the unique issues regarding disabled people and examines the relationship between the terms “Personalisation” and “Classification” with regard to disability inclusion
A Conceptual Model for Inclusive Technology: Advancing Disability Inclusion through Artificial Intelligence
A Conceptual Model for Inclusive Technology: Advancing Disability Inclusion through Artificial Intelligence
Type: Academic Date Published: 2024 Author (Publisher): Maram Fahaad Almufareh, Sumaira Kausar, Mamoona Humayun, Samabia Tehsin (Journal of Disability Research)
Abstract
This article delves into the remarkable AI-driven solutions that have revolutionized their lives across various domains. From assistive technologies such as voice recognition and AI-powered smart glasses catering to diverse needs, to healthcare benefiting from early disease detection algorithms and wearable devices that monitor vital signs and alert caregivers in emergencies, AI has steered in significant enhancements.
Maram Fahaad Almufareh et al. (Journal of Disability Research)
2024
Artificial intelligence (AI) has ushered in transformative changes, championing inclusion and accessibility for individuals with disabilities. This article delves into the remarkable AI-driven solutions that have revolutionized their lives across various domains
Type: Video/ Audio Date Published: 2024 Author (Publisher): Techshare Pro 2024
Abstract
The resource discusses various topics related to AI, including responsible AI usage, misinformation, AI scams, AI ethics, and the use of AI in different scenarios.
The resource discusses various topics related to AI, including responsible AI usage, misinformation, AI scams, AI ethics, and the use of AI in different scenarios.
Type: Report Date Published: 2024 Author (Publisher): Partnership on Employment & Accessible Technology (PEAT)
Abstract
The questions in this checklist were created after speaking to innovators with disabilities who have worked extensively with AI. PEAT developed a report based on these insights and created this checklist as a companion to that report. While not meant to be a comprehensive guide, this checklist will help your organization get a solid start and begin thinking about how to use AI in inclusive ways.
Partnership on Employment & Accessible Technology (PEAT)
2024
The Partnership on Employment & Accessible Technology (PEAT) created this general checklist to support staff in working together to ensure that your organization uses artificial intelligence (AI) tools in inclusive ways.
Type: Report Date Published: 2024 Author (Publisher): Partnership on Employment & Accessible Technology (PEAT)
Abstract
The Partnership on Employment & Accessible Technology (PEAT) created this resource to help you use artificial intelligence (AI)-enabled hiring tools in inclusive ways. We spoke with experts from companies led by people with disabilities that focus on inclusive recruiting. Read on to learn how AI-enabled hiring tools can promote inclusion in your organization and help you recruit talented individuals from underrepresented groups.
Partnership on Employment & Accessible Technology (PEAT)
2024
Innovators with disabilities share how inclusive AI can help you improve business outcomes and attract highly qualified job candidates from underrepresented groups.
Type: Report Date Published: 2024 Author (Publisher): Partnership on Employment & Accessible Technology (PEAT)
Abstract
Artificial Intelligence (AI) has advanced rapidly in recent years, moving from Research & Development (R&D) labs and startups into broader use. Organizations are using AI to screen job candidates, streamline the application process, monitor employee actions, and provide employee training. When not designed and implemented to consider diverse users, AI technologies can increase the risk of workplace discrimination, including for people with disabilities.
Partnership on Employment & Accessible Technology (PEAT)
2024
When not designed and implemented to consider diverse users, AI technologies can increase the risk of workplace discrimination, including for people with disabilities.
Type: Report Date Published: 2024 Author (Publisher): BETT
Abstract
The education sector stands at a crossroads. As AI technologies advance, they offer new possibilities for enhancing teaching and learning. Yet, their integration into schools remains limited, and opinions on their efficacy are divided. To gain a clearer picture of AI’s current role and prospects in education, we commissioned YouGov to carry out a comprehensive survey of teachers across the country. The results offer valuable information on AI implementation, its perceived benefits, and the concerns it raises among educators. (Access to full PDF requires registration)
A comprehensive survey of teachers across the UK. The results offer valuable information on AI mplementation, its perceived benefits, and the concerns it raises among educators.
The utilisation of AI technology in assisting individuals with disabilities has novel prospects for enhancing accessibility, fostering inclusivity throughout society, and enabling autonomous living, which would otherwise pose considerable challenges or remain unattainable. As the field of AI continues to progress, it holds the potential to facilitate the development of increasingly sophisticated and groundbreaking approaches to tackle the multifaceted obstacles encountered by individuals with disabilities. Consequently, AI has the capacity to foster greater inclusivity for this population. (Access to full PDF is restricted to subscribers)
Vishal Kumar et al. (Disability and Rehabilitation: Assistive Technology)
2023
Artificial intelligence (AI) driven solutions have the potential to significantly impact individuals with disabilities by providing assistance in their daily activities and facilitating the acquisition of new abilities.
Using Universal Design for Learning and ArtificialIntelligence to Support Students with Disabilities
Using Universal Design for Learning and ArtificialIntelligence to Support Students with Disabilities
Type: Academic Date Published: 2024 Author (Publisher): Sally E. Hyatt & Meghan B. Owenz (College Teaching)
Abstract
The results of this study illustrate how an AI-based assignment can be used, in combination with Universal Design for Learning, to create more equitable assignments, particularly for students with disabilities. (Access to full PDF is restricted to subscribers)
Keywords
artificial intelligence, inclusive teaching and learning, inclusive curriculum design, universal design for learning, assessment
Sally E. Hyatt & Meghan B. Owenz (College Teaching)
2024
This paper explores whether Universal Design for Learning (UDL) can be combined with Artificial Intelligence (AI) to create a more inclusive pedagogy for students with disabilities.
Exploring the Affordances of Generative AI in Academic Writing for Disabled Student
Exploring the Affordances of Generative AI in Academic Writing for Disabled Student
Type: Academic Date Published: 2025 Author (Publisher): Xin Zhao, Xuanning Chen, Andrew Cox (Proceedings of the 58th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences)
Abstract
This study explores the use and attitudes towards generative AI technology among disabled students in higher education, addressing a gap in existing research on accessibility and inclusivity challenges for marginalized groups. Informed by a prior study and affordance theory, we surveyed 124 students with various disabilities (e.g., neurodiversity, dyslexia and ocial/communication impairment) about their use ofand attitudes toward generative AI during academic writing. We identified three key affordances provided by generative AI—explainability, expressibility, and plannability—that positively affect disabled students' writing processes. However, our study also Highlights significant areas where generative AI remains insufficient in addressing barriers faced by disabled students, such as concerns about hallucination, loss own voices, and academic integrity. Our findings offer practical implications for both developers and educational practitioners. These include the need to design more inclusive generative AI technologies and to promote AI literacy, along with providing guidance and training for both students and staff in higher education institutions.
Xin Zhao et al.(Proceedings of the 58th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences)
2025
This study explores the use and attitudes towards generative AI technology among disabled students in higher education, addressing a gap in existing research on accessibility and inclusivity challenges for marginalized groups.
The role of artificial intelligence in enhancing healthcare for people with disabilities
The role of artificial intelligence in enhancing healthcare for people with disabilities
Type: Academic Date Published: 2025 Author (Publisher): David Bamidele Olawade, Obasanjo Afolabi Bolarinwa, Yusuff Adebayo Adebisi, Sinegugu Shongwe (Social Science & Medicine 364)
Abstract
The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) in healthcare delivery represents a transformative opportunity to enhance the lives of people living with disabilities. AI-driven technologies, such as assistive devices, conversational agents, and rehabilitation tools, can mitigate health disparities, improve diagnostic accuracy, and facilitate effective communication with healthcare providers, fostering more equitable healthcare environments. This commentary explores these applications while addressing the ethical challenges and imitations associated with AI deployment. Specific challenges, such as algorithmic bias, privacy risks with patient data, and the complexity of designing inclusive technologies, are discussed to provide a balanced perspective. For example, biased diagnostic tools may lead to inequitable care, and privacy breaches can compromise sensitive data. Key areas of focus include personalised care through AI-powered systems, the design of inclusive AI technologies incorporating continuous feedback loops and partnerships with advocacy groups, and the development of AI-enabled robotics for physical assistance. This commentary paper emphasises the importance of addressing these limitations alongside advancing ethical AI practices and ensuring continuous user involvement to meet the diverse needs of people living with disabilities, ultimately promoting greater independence and participation in society. Consequently, while AI holds transformative potential in advancing equitable and inclusive healthcare for People with disabilities, addressing ethical challenges, overcoming limitations, and fostering user-centred design are essential to fully realise its benefits and ensure these innovations promote autonomy, accessibility, and wellbeing.
Keywords
Artificial intelligence, Disability care, Ethical challenges, Inclusive design, Healthcare accessibility
David Bamidele et al. (Social Science & Medicine 364)
2025
The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) in healthcare delivery represents a transformative opportunity to enhance the lives of people living with disabilities. AI-driven technologies can mitigate health disparities, improve diagnostic accuracy, and facilitate effective communication with healthcare providers, fostering more equitable healthcare environments. This commentary explores these applications while addressing the ethical challenges and imitations associated with AI deployment.
Bias in AI Hiring Tools: Impacted Groups, Legal Risks, Historical Foundations, and Next Steps
Bias in AI Hiring Tools: Impacted Groups, Legal Risks, Historical Foundations, and Next Steps
Type: Academic Date Published: 2025 Author (Publisher): Eesha Bayana (Research Archive of Rising Scholars)
Abstract
This paper investigates the role and influence of artificial intelligence (AI) in applicant tracking systems (ATS) on marginalized groups within the course of the job recruitment process. Although AI-powered ATS may ensure efficiency in recruitment through automated resume screenings and interview analysis, it extends the circle of historic bias, which affects immigrants, persons with disabilities, women, and those with non-Anglo names. These systems tend to screen out qualified candidates for non-standard language, gaps in employment, or characteristics irrelevant to job performance. These practices only further perpetuate economic disparities and psychological harm within already marginalized communities. Notable cases involving such firms as Amazon and Workday demonstrate the legal consequences connected with these discriminatory practices, showcasing the need for organizations to track AI bias to avoid legal liabilities. We call for a review of hiring practices and an inclusive redesign of AI systems that holistically evaluates diverse candidate experiences. It necessitates a paradigm shift in AI ethics, inclusive of active participation of marginalized groups in development, to foster equitable hiring practices through recruitment technologies
Eesha Bayana (Research Archive of Rising Scholars)
2025
This paper investigates the role and influence of artificial intelligence (AI) in applicant tracking systems (ATS) on marginalized groups within the course of the job recruitment process.
Generative AI in the context of assistive technologies: Trends, limitations and future directions
Generative AI in the context of assistive technologies: Trends, limitations and future directions
Type: Academic Date Published: 2025 Author (Publisher): Biying Fua, Abdenour Hadidc, Naser Damer (Image and Vision Computing 154)
Abstract
With the tremendous successes of Large Language Models (LLMs) like ChatGPT for text generation and Dall-E for high-quality image generation, generative Artificial Intelligence (AI) models have shown a hype in our society. Generative AI seamlessly delved into different aspects of society ranging from economy, education, legislation, computer science, finance, and even healthcare. This article provides a comprehensive survey on the increased and promising use of generative AI in assistive technologies benefiting different parties, ranging from the assistive system developers, medical practitioners, care workforce, to the people who need the care and the comfort. Ethical concerns, biases, lack of transparency, insufficient explainability, and limited trustworthiness are major challenges when using generative AI in assistive technologies, particularly in systems that impact people directly. Key future research directions to address these issues include creating standardized rules, establishing commonly accepted evaluation metrics and benchmarks for explainability and reasoning processes, and making further advancements in understanding and reducing bias and its potential harms. Beyond showing the current trends of applying generative AI in the scope of assistive technologies in four identified key domains, which include care sectors, medical sectors, helping people in need, and co-working, the survey also discusses the current limitations and provides promising future research directions to foster better integration of generative AI in assistive technologies.
Biying Fua et al. (Image and Vision Computing 154)
2025
This article provides a comprehensive survey on the increased and promising use of generative AI in assistive technologies benefiting different parties, ranging from the assistive system developers, medical practitioners, care workforce, to the people who need the care and the comfort.
Enhancing news accessibility for people with disabilities: A case study of the AI-powered News Accessibility Platform (NAP)
Enhancing news accessibility for people with disabilities: A case study of the AI-powered News Accessibility Platform (NAP)
Type: Academic Date Published: 2025 Author (Publisher): Izuafa Abdulrafiu Braimah (International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering Technology and Science)
Abstract
This study presents the News Accessibility Platform (NAP), an AI-driven solution designed to improve News access for people with disabilities, particularly those with visual and auditory impairments. Recognizing the unique challenges these groups face in obtaining timely, accessible news, NAP utilizes artificial intelligence to convert multimedia content into formats that cater to diverse needs, including text-to-speech for the visually impaired and sign language interpretations for the deaf community. By leveraging adaptive technologies, NAP provides an inclusive news experience, enabling real-time access to global information. This case study explores the platform's design, development, and implementation, assessing its impact on users' engagement and access. Findings indicate that NAP significantly enhances information accessibility, empowering people with disabilities to stay informed and engaged with current events. This study contributes to discussions on inclusive media practices and the role of AI in facilitating equitable information access.
Keywords
News Accessibility, People With Disabilities, Ai-Powered Platform, Visual Impairment, Auditory Impairment, Inclusive Media, Adaptive Technology, Text-To-Speech, Sign Language Interpretation, Equitable Information Access
Izuafa Abdulrafiu Braimah (International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering Technology and Science)
2025
This study presents the News Accessibility Platform (NAP), an AI-driven solution designed to improve News access for people with disabilities, particularly those with visual and auditory impairments.
Navigating digital human rights in the age of AI: challenges, theoretical perspectives, and Research implications
Navigating digital human rights in the age of AI: challenges, theoretical perspectives, and Research implications
Type: Academic Date Published: 2025 Author (Publisher): Deepak Khazanchi & Mahima Saxena (Journal of Information Technology Case and Application Research)
Abstract
This paper explores the intersection of digital human rights (DHR) and artificial intelligence (AI), highlighting the complex relationship between technology, human rights, and social justice. It discusses the role of digital technologies in promoting and violating human rights, emphasizing issues such as privacy, surveillance, data protection, and inequality exacerbated by AI.
Keywords
Digital Human Rights (DHR), Artificial Intelligence (AI), Social Justice, Surveillance and Discrimination
Deepak Khazanchi & Mahima Saxena (Journal of Information Technology Case and Application Research)
2025
This paper explores the intersection of digital human rights (DHR) and artificial intelligence (AI), highlighting the complex relationship between technology, human rights, and social justice. It discusses the role of digital technologies in promoting and violating human rights, emphasizing issues such as privacy, surveillance, data protection, and inequality exacerbated by AI.
Type: Academic Date Published: 2025 Author (Publisher): Siqi Yang (Proceedings of 3rd International Conference on Interdisciplinary Humanities and Communication Studies)
Abstract
Sustainable Development Goal (SDGs) 4 emphasizes inclusive education as one of the key objectives of experimenting with equity in education. The current convergence between education and developing technologies has led to the widespread use of artificial intelligence (AI) as a pedagogical tool in education. However, there is a lack of research on the relationship between inclusive education and artificial intelligence (AI) as part of the educational field. Therefore the main purpose of this paper is to explore how artificial intelligence (AI) can help to realize inclusive education. Through literature analysis, it is shown that artificial intelligence (AI) can increase students' accessibility, allow more and more disabled students to participate in the classroom, and artificial intelligence (AI) assistive technology can meet the different needs of disabled students. In addition, artificial intelligence (AI) can personalize learning for students with disabilities, improving their grades and performance. But further development of more comprehensive technologies and training of teachers is still needed in the future. Overall, artificial intelligence (AI) has played a positive role in achieving inclusive education.
Keywords
Artificial Intelligence, Inclusive education, Assistive technology, Students with disabilities
Siqi Yang (Proceedings of 3rd International Conference on Interdisciplinary Humanities and Communication Studies)
2025
The purpose of this paper is to explore how artificial intelligence (AI) can help to realize inclusive education. Through literature analysis, it is shown that artificial intelligence (AI) can increase students' accessibility, allow more and more disabled students to participate in the classroom, and artificial intelligence (AI) assistive technology can meet the different needs of disabled students.
Health AI poses distinct harms and potential benefits for disabled people
Health AI poses distinct harms and potential benefits for disabled people
Type: Academic Date Published: 2025 Author (Publisher): Charles E. Binkley, Joel M. Reynolds, Andrew G. Shuman (Correspondence)
Abstract
Artificial intelligence (AI) in healthcare presents both significant risks and unique opportunities for disabled people, a group often overlooked in mainstream discussions of algorithmic bias. This paper explores how AI models, particularly in health settings, may perpetuate discrimination against patients with disabilities due to underrepresentation in datasets, historical healthcare bias, and flawed assumptions about disability-related frailty. Predictive algorithms frequently misinterpret disability as illness, leading to the denial of indicated treatments and influencing broader decisions related to coverage and care. Furthermore, biased clinical language and opaque AI systems risk reinforcing stigma and reducing transparency in patient care. To mitigate these harms, we advocate for the development of disability-specific AI models, informed by accurate, inclusive data and designed with the active participation of disabled people. Such efforts not only enhance fairness and accuracy but also shift the focus of AI in medicine from disease management toward patient-centered care and social equity. Ultimately, AI holds the potential to improve health outcomes by fostering connections between clinical services and community-based supports, provided it is implemented with an ethic of inclusion and justice. (Access to full PDF is restricted to subscribers)
Keywords
Health AI, Disability Bias, Inclusive Data, Equitable Healthcare
Artificial intelligence (AI) in healthcare presents both significant risks and unique opportunities for disabled people, a group often overlooked in mainstream discussions of algorithmic bias. This paper explores how AI models, particularly in health settings, may perpetuate discrimination against patients with disabilities due to underrepresentation in datasets, historical healthcare bias, and flawed assumptions about disability-related frailty.
An Afternoon of Innovation and Impact: The ‘Concept Car’ Approach
An Afternoon of Innovation and Impact: The ‘Concept Car’ Approach
Type: Video/ Audio Date Published: 2025 Author (Publisher): Christopher Patnoe & David Banes (Zero Project Conference 2025)
Abstract
Combining theory and practice, the session gave space to important conversations on the burgeoning industry of Artificial Intelligence that works for all. Panel discussions were paired with innovation pitches from promising disability-led innovators. Fellow experts discussed the ‘concept car’ approach to assistive technology development.
Keywords
Arfitical Intelligence (AI), Concept Car Approach, Assistive Technology
Christopher Patnoe & David Banes (Zero Project Conference 2025)
2025
Combining theory and practice, the session gave space to important conversations on the burgeoning industry of Artificial Intelligence that works for all. Panel discussions were paired with innovation pitches from promising disability-led innovators. Fellow experts discussed the ‘concept car’ approach to assistive technology development.
Type: Video/ Audio Date Published: 2025 Author (Publisher): LaVonne Roberts (Zero Project Conference 2025)
Abstract
Combining theory and practice, the session gave space to important conversations on the burgeoning industry of Artificial Intelligence that works for all. Panel discussions were paired with innovation pitches from promising disability-led innovators. Start-ups are democratizing access to AI-powered assistive technologies.
Combining theory and practice, the session gave space to important conversations on the burgeoning industry of Artificial Intelligence that works for all. Panel discussions were paired with innovation pitches from promising disability-led innovators. Start-ups are democratizing access to AI-powered assistive technologies.
Beyond the hype around Artificial Intelligence, the forum showed how DPOs, service providers, NGOs, and small organizations can develop AI tools for disability inclusion.
Beyond the hype around Artificial Intelligence, the forum showed how DPOs, service providers, NGOs, and small organizations can develop AI tools for disability inclusion.
The workplace and AI – solutions and considerations for persons with disabilities
The workplace and AI – solutions and considerations for persons with disabilities
Type: Video/ Audio Date Published: 2025 Author (Publisher): David Banes, Susan Scott-Parker, Christopher Patnoe, Bianca Prins (Zero Project Conference 2025)
Abstract
How can I effectively and thoughtfully begin utilizing Artificial Intelligence (AI) in the workplace as a person with a disability? And what should I be aware of when doing so? This couch session sought to highlight practical opportunities for all when it comes to AI and our jobs.
How can I effectively and thoughtfully begin utilizing Artificial Intelligence (AI) in the workplace as a person with a disability? And what should I be aware of when doing so? This couch session sought to highlight practical opportunities for all when it comes to AI and our jobs.
Is the destabilization of employment by AI an opportunity to reimagine work? How can we counter the homogenization of the workforce by AI mechanized statistical reasoning in hiring & promotion tools? Join Jutta Treviranus as she outlines and navigates the current global culture wars that are defining the co-design of trustworthy AI tools.
Is the destabilization of employment by AI an opportunity to reimagine work? How can we counter the homogenization of the workforce by AI mechanized statistical reasoning in hiring & promotion tools? Join Jutta Treviranus as she outlines and navigates the current global culture wars that are defining the co-design of trustworthy AI tools.
Artificial Intelligence (AI) is revolutionising the way we interact with digital technology, with each other and, in some cases, with the world around us. AI-powered assistive software and tools can significantly enhance the quality of life of people with disabilities, including by empowering them to enter the workforce and operate more successfully in the workplace. From voice-activated assistants to writing support tools, AI-powered technologies are breaking down barriers and opening up new opportunities. However, AI can also create inaccessibility challenges and potential disadvantages for people with disabilities, raising questions around the equitable distribution of AI's benefits.
This resource explores how AI-powered technologies are transforming accessibility and inclusion for people with disabilities, while also examining the potential risks and inequities these innovations may introduce.
Type: Blog/ Opinion Date Published: 2025 Author (Publisher): Business Disability Forum
Abstract
This resource explores some of the ways in which businesses should engage with new and emerging technologies in order to obtain the benefits of innovation without sacrificing disability inclusion.
This resource explores some of the ways in which businesses should engage with new and emerging technologies in order to obtain the benefits of innovation without sacrificing disability inclusion.
This article explores how generative AI can significantly enhance accessibility—powering assistive technologies, personalized learning, adaptation for cognitive and sensory needs, and empowering broader health and inclusion solutions—while warning that these innovations also present unique risks such as lack of transparency, manipulation, privacy concerns, and social isolation. It underscores that effective policy frameworks—like the EU AI Act and the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities—are essential to ensure equitable benefits for people with disabilities.
This article explores how generative AI can significantly enhance accessibility while warning that these innovations also present unique risks such as lack of transparency, manipulation, privacy concerns, and social isolation.
Why AI fairness conversations must include disabled people
Why AI fairness conversations must include disabled people
Type: Blog/ Opinion Date Published: 2024 Author (Publisher): Eileen O’Grady & Harvard Staff Write (The Harvard Gazette)
Abstract
The article highlights how AI tools—such as voice-to-text systems—can be essential for individuals with non‑apparent disabilities (like speech impediments or neuropathy), yet these technologies often perpetuate ableism when developed without persons with disabilities. Researchers emphasize that they must be integral to discussions on AI fairness and design, rather than treated as “outlier data,” to prevent biased outcomes and exclusion.
Eileen O’Grady & Harvard Staff Write (The Harvard Gazette)
2024
The article highlights how AI tools—such as voice-to-text systems—can be essential for individuals with non‑apparent disabilities (like speech impediments or neuropathy), yet these technologies often perpetuate ableism when developed without persons with disabilities.
Type: Blog/ Opinion Date Published: 2025 Author (Publisher): Jessica Smith (Time)
Abstract
This resource explores how AI-generated imagery can unintentionally erase visible disabilities—such as portraying someone born with one arm as having two—highlighting the critical need for inclusive representation built into AI design, with disabled people as active contributors rather than afterthoughts.
Keywords
AI Representation, Design Bias, Inclusive Technology
This resource explores how AI-generated imagery can unintentionally erase visible disabilities—such as portraying someone born with one arm as having two—highlighting the critical need for inclusive representation built into AI design, with disabled people as active contributors rather than afterthoughts.
We cannot miss this moment: how the disability community can shape artificial intelligence for democracy
We cannot miss this moment: how the disability community can shape artificial intelligence for democracy
Type: Blog/ Opinion Date Published: 2025 Author (Publisher): Sarah Timreck
Abstract
The article underscores an urgent opportunity—highlighted at the UN’s recent disability rights conference—for the disability community to lead in defining how AI intersects with democratic processes. It points out both the benefits of assistive technologies that have become mainstream (like voice assistants and virtual learning platforms) and significant concerns about AI's disability bias, particularly when political content and election-related technologies fail to meet accessibility standards. The article calls for collaboration among advocates, policymakers, and technologists to establish inclusive norms, strengthen AI accountability through legislation, and ensure accessible civic and political spaces that bolster democracy.
Keywords
AI and Democracy, Civic Access, Bias in Election Technology
The article underscores an urgent opportunity—highlighted at the UN’s recent disability rights conference—for the disability community to lead in defining how AI intersects with democratic processes.
Enabled Talent is using AI to make every job disability-inclusive
Enabled Talent is using AI to make every job disability-inclusive
Type: Blog/ Opinion Date Published: 2025 Author (Publisher): Alex Riehl (BetaKit)
Abstract
This resource explores how Enabled Talent, an AI-powered hiring platform co-founded by Amandipp Singh, is breaking down employment barriers by matching job seekers with disabilities to inclusive opportunities using voice-guided assistance, AI-driven career coaching, and accommodation-aware job matching—all co-designed with disabled users to ensure accessibility and real-world impact.
This resource explores how Enabled Talent, an AI-powered hiring platform co-founded by Amandipp Singh, is breaking down employment barriers by matching job seekers with disabilities to inclusive opportunities using voice-guided assistance, AI-driven career coaching, and accommodation-aware job matching—all co-designed with disabled users to ensure accessibility and real-world impact.
Artificial Intelligence in Disability Care: Unlocking Agency
Artificial Intelligence in Disability Care: Unlocking Agency. Practical steps to harness AI as a path to inclusive empowerment in disability care.
Type: Blog/ Opinion Date Published: 2025 Author (Publisher): Cornelia C. Walther (Psychology Today)
Abstract
This resource explores how “prosocial AI”—when designed with the primary goal of social good—can empower individuals with disabilities and their caregivers through personalized care, communication breakthroughs (e.g., speech interpretation tools like Google’s Project Relate), mental health support, enhanced autonomy, and seamless device integration, while also highlighting the importance of inclusive data, ethical safeguards, and holistic design for meaningful impact.
This resource explores how “prosocial AI”—when designed with the primary goal of social good—can empower individuals with disabilities and their caregivers through personalized care, communication breakthroughs (e.g., speech interpretation tools like Google’s Project Relate), mental health support, enhanced autonomy, and seamless device integration, while also highlighting the importance of inclusive data, ethical safeguards, and holistic design for meaningful impact.
The Illusion of Thinking (3 of 5): AI Can’t Fix Bias It Doesn’t Understand
The Illusion of Thinking (3 of 5): AI Can’t Fix Bias It Doesn’t Understand
Type: Blog/ Opinion Date Published: 2025 Author (Publisher): Raghav Singh
Abstract
The blog critiques the overestimation of AI's capabilities in eliminating bias. He argues that AI systems, lacking human understanding, cannot inherently recognize or rectify biases unless explicitly programmed to do so.
The blog critiques the overestimation of AI's capabilities in eliminating bias. He argues that AI systems, lacking human understanding, cannot inherently recognize or rectify biases unless explicitly programmed to do so.
CoSP 2026: Looking back at three Critical Workshops on Artificial Intelligence and Disability
CoSP 2026: Looking back at three Critical Workshops on Artificial Intelligence and Disability
Type: Blog/ Opinion Date Published: 2025 Author (Publisher): David Banes
Abstract
This blog reflects on three pivotal workshops from the 18th Conference of States Parties (CoSP 2026) to the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, focusing on Artificial Intelligence's role in accessibility and inclusion.
Keywords
AI Accessibility, Inclusive Design, Digital Inclusion
This blog reflects on three pivotal workshops from the 18th Conference of States Parties (CoSP 2026) to the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, focusing on Artificial Intelligence's role in accessibility and inclusion.
How can AI help disabled people? - AbilityNet Webinar
How can AI help disabled people? - AbilityNet Webinar
Type: Video/ Audio Date Published: 2024 Author (Publisher): Robin Christopherson, Michael Vermeersch, Tamsin Keyes (AbilityNet Webinar)
Abstract
Robin Christopherson MBE from AbilityNet, Michael Vermeersch from Microsoft, and Tamsin Keyes from Headway the brain injury association, shared ways on 'How can AI help disabled people?' and the myriad of ways AI (Artificial Intelligence) can improve your life!
Robin Christopherson MBE from AbilityNet, Michael Vermeersch from Microsoft, and Tamsin Keyes from Headway the brain injury association, shared ways on 'How can AI help disabled people?' and the myriad of ways AI (Artificial Intelligence) can improve your life!
Type: Video/ Audio Date Published: 2023 Author (Publisher): KR Liu & Enshalla Anderson (Google Cloud Next)
Abstract
Disability innovation Cloud AI could revolutionize accessibility for disabled people in products and services. This session will discuss accessibility, design, and technology and explore the ways in which cloud AI can be used to make the world more accessible for everyone.
Disability innovation Cloud AI could revolutionize accessibility for disabled people in products and services. This session will discuss accessibility, design, and technology and explore the ways in which cloud AI can be used to make the world more accessible for everyone.
How AI fails people with disabilities – and how to fix it - axe-con 2022
How AI fails people with disabilities – and how to fix it - axe-con 2022
Type: Video/ Audio Date Published: 2023 Author (Publisher): Samuel Proulx
Abstract
AI often recommends everything from jobs, to videos, to advertisements – but doesn’t take the needs of people with disabilities into account. Algorithms are not often open or reproducible and people with disabilities are not included in training data. This leads to bias against people with disabilities, and AI that then makes their lives often harder, rather than easier. Watch this talk to explore how to be prepared to engage people with disabilities in AI product development. You will also learn how to avoid some of the most common mistakes and pitfalls that affect people with disabilities and learn what you can do to make AI a force for good for everyone.
AI often recommends everything from jobs, to videos, to advertisements – but doesn’t take the needs of people with disabilities into account. Algorithms are not often open or reproducible and people with disabilities are not included in training data. This leads to bias against people with disabilities, and AI that then makes their lives often harder, rather than easier.
Build | Bridging the Disability Divide with AI Tools
Build | Bridging the Disability Divide with AI Tools
Type: Video/ Audio Date Published: 2024 Author (Publisher): Anne Taylor, Doug Geoffray, John Vicondoa, Patricio Escobar, Duncan Millar (Microsoft Ability Summit)
Abstract
Generative AI has changed how people with disabilities work and grow. Find out why our goal is to ensure that AI tools are built with accessibility in mind and see how early adopters are discovering the utility and impact of these tools worldwide.
Generative AI has changed how people with disabilities work and grow. Find out why our goal is to ensure that AI tools are built with accessibility in mind and see how early adopters are discovering the utility and impact of these tools worldwide.
Artificial Intelligence and Disability: How Can AI Promote Inclusion and Equity for Disabled People?
Artificial Intelligence and Disability: How Can AI Promote Inclusion and Equity for Disabled People?
Type: Video/ Audio Date Published: 2025 Author (Publisher): Jackie Leach Scully (Centre for Medical Ethics and Law HKU)
Abstract
Artificial intelligence (AI) is considered to hold great promise for health research and care in a wide range of applications. This promise is often assumed to extend into the realm of disability as well, especially in the development of assistive technologies that incorporate AI and automated decision making (ADM) to improve their function. At the same time, the use of AI in the provision of disability services can also present challenges. These challenges are often due to lack of in-depth knowledge of people with disability, and sometimes to the ableism of society that perpetuates bias and discrimination through the development and use of AI technologies. In this presentation some theoretical and empirical work carried out at the Disability Innovation Institute at the University of New South Wales are discussed, that examines the views of people with disability about AI-supported technologies and considers some possible solutions.
Jackie Leach Scully (Centre for Medical Ethics and Law HKU)
2025
In this presentation some theoretical and empirical work carried out at the Disability Innovation Institute at the University of New South Wales are discussed, that examines the views of people with disability about AI-supported technologies and considers some possible solutions.
Inclusiveness in a digital economy: Avatars, accessibility, and Artificial Intelligence
Inclusiveness in a digital economy: Avatars, accessibility, and Artificial Intelligence
Type: Video/ Audio Date Published: 2024 Author (Publisher): Susan-Scott Parker, Thorkild Olesen, Christopher Patnoe, Stephen Framil, Philippe Hello, Samantha Zalewska (International Labour Organization)
Abstract
The pace at which the digital realm of the world economy is developing needs to be accompanied by appropriate measure to protect the labour rights of persons with disabilities and to promote their inclusion in the workforce. Further, the rise of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and latest legislation like the European Accessibility Act offer opportunities for promoting inclusiveness.
Keywords
Inclusive Business, Arfitical Intelligence (AI), European Accessibility Act
Susan-Scott Parker et al.(International Labour Organization)
2024
The pace at which the digital realm of the world economy is developing needs to be accompanied by appropriate measure to protect the labour rights of persons with disabilities and to promote their inclusion in the workforce. Further, the rise of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and latest legislation like the European Accessibility Act offer opportunities for promoting inclusiveness.
Artificial Intelligence and the future of technologies: Impact and opportunities
Artificial Intelligence and the future of technologies: Impact and opportunities
Type: Video/ Audio Date Published: 2023 Author (Publisher): Gehan ElSharkawy, Pawel Gmyrek, Rylin Rodgers, Calvin Lawrence, Christopher Patnoe, Susan Scott-Parker (International Labour Organization)
Abstract
Artificial Intelligence (AI) is one of the most controversial technology topics today. While it has tremendous potential in improving work productivity and individual quality of life, there are also concerns of its unintended consequences such as built-in AI bias against diversity. Session speakers will discuss the latest AI trends, its usefulness and how to address the challenges regarding bias, especially on people with disabilities in the world of work.
Gehan ElSharkawy et al. (International Labour Organization)
2023
Artificial Intelligence (AI) is one of the most controversial technology topics today. While it has tremendous potential in improving work productivity and individual quality of life, there are also concerns of its unintended consequences such as built-in AI bias against diversity. Session speakers will discuss the latest AI trends, its usefulness and how to address the challenges regarding bias, especially on people with disabilities in the world of work.
How do you lip-read a robot? AI-powered HR technology has a disability problem
How do you lip-read a robot? AI-powered HR technology has a disability problem
Type: Video/ Audio Date Published: 2022 Author (Publisher): Susan Scott-Parker, Gerard Quinn, Phyllida Swift, Elias Apreko, Neil Milliken (International Labour Organization)
Abstract
This ILO Global Business and Disability Network webinar explored the unacknowledged risks to the world’s more than 1.3 billion persons with disabilities triggered by the fast-growing use of Artificial Intelligence (AI)-powered technology in the world of work. Why do most leaders of the global ethical AI debate disregard the potential harm to more than 1.3 billion people with disabilities and to the hundreds of millions who will acquire a disability in time? Will the HR cost savings generated by AI technology outweigh the potential damage to the life chances of so many? How will surveillance technology take into account the employer’s need - and often legal obligation - to provide reasonable accommodations for employees who, because of a disability, perform their work and interact with technology in "non-standard" ways? Is it true that it is the employer – not the developer - who is liable should a person with a disability be treated unfairly because the employer relied on AI technology? Where is the evidence that a specific AI tool will not discriminate against candidates or colleagues with disabilities?
Susan Scott-Parker et al. (International Labour Organization)
2022
This ILO Global Business and Disability Network webinar explored the unacknowledged risks to the world’s more than 1.3 billion persons with disabilities triggered by the fast-growing use of Artificial Intelligence (AI)-powered technology in the world of work.
GBDN conference 2019: Artificial intelligence impact on the employment of persons with disabilities
GBDN conference 2019: Artificial intelligence impact on the employment of persons with disabilities
Type: Video/ Audio Date Published: 2019 Author (Publisher): Yves Veulliet, Debra Ruh, Frances West, Susan Scott-Parker, Ivo van den Brand (International Labour Organization)
Abstract
Artificial Intelligence (AI) is one of the most controversial technology topics today. While it has tremendous potential in improving work productivity and individual quality of life, there are also concerns of its unintended consequences such as built-in AI bias against diversity. Leaders from the technology, non-profit, academia and business sectors will discuss the latest AI trends, its usefulness and how to address the challenges regarding bias, especially on People with disabilities in the world of work.
Yves Veulliet et al. (International Labour Organization)
2019
Artificial Intelligence (AI) is one of the most controversial technology topics today. While it has tremendous potential in improving work productivity and individual quality of life, there are also concerns of its unintended consequences such as built-in AI bias against diversity. Leaders from the technology, non-profit, academia and business sectors will discuss the latest AI trends, its usefulness and how to address the challenges regarding bias, especially on People with disabilities in the world of work.
AI for All? Inclusion, bias, and opportunity for persons with disabilities
AI for All? Inclusion, bias, and opportunity for persons with disabilities
Type: Report Date Published: 2025 Author (Publisher): Judith Hermetter, Jürgen Menze, Christine Hemphill, Bianca Prins (WSIS+20 High-Level Event 2025)
Abstract
As AI systems increasingly influence hiring, banking, and access to services, we must ask: Are these technologies promoting inclusion, or perpetuating bias and exclusion? This session goes beyond theory to focus on concrete and practical examples of how AI impacts persons with disabilities—both as inclusive and dedicated tools. With reference to WSIS Action Lines—notably C3 (Access to Information and Knowledge), C4 (Capacity Building), C6 (Enabling Environment), and C10 (Ethical Dimensions of the Information Society)—the discussion will present real-world cases from the fields of employment and financial inclusion, covering both risks and opportunities. The session will also examine how to drive organizational change toward responsible AI as we enter the critical five-year window ahead of the 2030 SDG review, ensuring disability inclusion is not left behind.
Keywords
Inclusive Business, Responsible AI, Financial Inclusion, Sustainable Development Goals
Judith Hermetter et al. (WSIS+20 High-Level Event 2025)
2025
As AI systems increasingly influence hiring, banking, and access to services, we must ask: Are these technologies promoting inclusion, or perpetuating bias and exclusion? This session goes beyond theory to focus on concrete and practical examples of how AI impacts persons with disabilities—both as inclusive and dedicated tools. With reference to WSIS Action Lines—notably C3 (Access to Information and Knowledge), C4 (Capacity Building), C6 (Enabling Environment), and C10 (Ethical Dimensions of the Information Society)—the discussion will present real-world cases from the fields of employment and financial inclusion, covering both risks and opportunities. The session will also examine how to drive organizational change toward responsible AI as we enter the critical five-year window ahead of the 2030 SDG review, ensuring disability inclusion is not left behind.
Designing for the Edge: Rethinking Inclusion in a Digital World with Dr. Jutta Treviranus
Designing for the Edge: Rethinking Inclusion in a Digital World with Dr. Jutta Treviranus
Type: Podcast Date Published: 2025 Author (Publisher): Jutta Treviranus (AUTM on the Air)
Abstract
In this episode, you'll learn about her "human starburst" metaphor and how it's changing design philosophy, why focusing on diversity at the edges of a system actually makes those systems more resilient and adaptable and what it really takes to confront bias in the age of AI. Dr. Treviranus shares powerful stories from the trenches, showing how inclusive design is a powerful driver for innovation that ultimately benefits us all.
In this episode, you'll learn about her "human starburst" metaphor and how it's changing design philosophy, why focusing on diversity at the edges of a system actually makes those systems more resilient and adaptable and what it really takes to confront bias in the age of AI. Dr. Treviranus shares powerful stories from the trenches, showing how inclusive design is a powerful driver for innovation that ultimately benefits us all.
Building A Disability-Inclusive AI Ecosystem. A Cross-Disability, Cross-Systems Analysis Of Best Practices
Type: Report Date Published: 2025 Author (Publisher): Ariana Aboulafia & Henry Claypool (Center for Democracy & Technology (CDT), American Association of People with Disabilities (AAPD))
Abstract
This report aims to provide context as to some of the ways that people with disabilities can be both positively and negatively impacted by technology, while recognizing that disabled populations interact with systems, and with technologies, in different ways and have different access needs.
Ariana Aboulafia & Henry Claypool (Center for Democracy & Technology (CDT), American Association of People with Disabilities (AAPD))
2025
This report aims to provide context as to some of the ways that people with disabilities can be both positively and negatively impacted by technology, while recognizing that disabled populations interact with systems, and with technologies, in different ways and have different access needs.
Type: Academic Date Published: 2024 Author (Publisher): Christo El Morr, Bushra Kundi, Fariah Mobeen, Sarah Taleghani, Yahya El-Lahib, Rachel Gorman (Health Informatics Journal)
Abstract
Artificial intelligence (AI) can enhance life experiences and present challenges for people with disabilities. This study aims to investigate the relationship between AI and disability, exploring the potential benefits and challenges of using AI for people with disabilities. A systematic scoping review was conducted using eight online databases; 45 scholarly articles from the last 5 years were identified and selected for thematic analysis. The review’s findings revealed AI’s potential to enhance healthcare; however, it showed a high prevalence of a narrow medical model of disability and an ableist perspective in AI research. This raises concerns about the perpetuation of biases and discrimination against individuals with disabilities in the development and deployment of AI technologies.
Christo El Morr et al. (Health Informatics Journal)
2024
Artificial intelligence (AI) can enhance life experiences and present challenges for people with disabilities. This study aims to investigate the relationship between AI and disability, exploring the potential benefits and challenges of using AI for people with disabilities.
AI and Accessibility: Breaking Barriers for People with Disabilities
AI and Accessibility: Breaking Barriers for People with Disabilities
Type: Academic Date Published: 2025 Author (Publisher): Susan Ferebee (Premier Journal of Artificial Intelligence)
Abstract
Artificial intelligence (AI) is revolutionizing accessibility, offering transformative opportunities to enhance autonomy, quality of life, and social inclusion for people with disabilities. This narrative review article explores the intersection of AI and accessibility, critically analyzing its applications in healthcare, education, employment, and daily living. Highlighting innovations such as AI-driven assistive technologies, adaptive learning platforms, and wearable devices demonstrates how these tools empower individuals to overcome systemic barriers. The article also identifies significant challenges, including algorithmic bias, cost limitations, usability issues, and ethical concerns regarding privacy and inclusivity. Through a synthesis of interdisciplinary literature and real-world case studies, including AI chatbots for disability disclosure and accessible Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics solutions, the article provides practical insights into the successes and shortcomings of current AI-driven solutions. It offers future research directions, emphasizing user-centric design, intersectional inclusivity, and ethical frameworks. The findings underscore AI’s transformative potential to create a more equitable, inclusive society while outlining the critical steps to address persistent barriers.
Susan Ferebee (Premier Journal of Artificial Intelligence)
2025
Artificial intelligence (AI) is revolutionizing accessibility, offering transformative opportunities to enhance autonomy, quality of life, and social inclusion for people with disabilities. This narrative review article explores the intersection of AI and accessibility, critically analyzing its applications in healthcare, education, employment, and daily living. Highlighting innovations such as AI-driven assistive technologies, adaptive learning platforms, and wearable devices demonstrates how these tools empower individuals to overcome systemic barriers.
Type: Academic Date Published: 2025 Author (Publisher): Peter Smith & Roy Rada (AI and Ethics)
Abstract
This paper presents a debate on the ethical implications of artificial intelligence in healthcare, particularly concerning its impact on disabled individuals. Roy advocates for the potential benefits of automated clinical decision-making, while Peter raises concerns about its risks and limitations for the disabled community. Through their discussion, they examine the promise and perils of AI, drawing on scientific literature and firsthand experiences. The paper illuminates the ethical implications of using AI in the healthcare domain.
This paper presents a debate on the ethical implications of artificial intelligence in healthcare, particularly concerning its impact on disabled individuals. Roy advocates for the potential benefits of automated clinical decision-making, while Peter raises concerns about its risks and limitations for the disabled community. Through their discussion, they examine the promise and perils of AI, drawing on scientific literature and firsthand experiences. The paper illuminates the ethical implications of using AI in the healthcare domain.
Rights of persons with disabilities: report of the Special Rapporteur on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities
Rights of persons with disabilities: report of the Special Rapporteur on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities
Type: Report Date Published: 2021 Author (Publisher): Quinn, Gerard (UN. Human Rights Council. Special Rapporteur on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities)
Abstract
The present report is submitted to the Human Rights Council pursuant to Council resolution 44/10 by the Special Rapporteur on the rights of persons with disabilities, Gerard Quinn. It provides an overview of the activities undertaken in 2021 and contains a thematic study on artificial intelligence and the rights of persons with disabilities.
Quinn, Gerard (UN. Human Rights Council. Special Rapporteur on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities)
2021
The present report is submitted to the Human Rights Council pursuant to Council resolution 44/10 by the Special Rapporteur on the rights of persons with disabilities, Gerard Quinn. It provides an overview of the activities undertaken in 2021 and contains a thematic study on artificial intelligence and the rights of persons with disabilities.
AI-Powered Assistive Technologies for People with Disabilities: Developing AI Solutions that Aid Individuals with Various Disabilities in Daily Tasks
AI-Powered Assistive Technologies for People with Disabilities: Developing AI Solutions that Aid Individuals with Various Disabilities in Daily Tasks
Type: Academic Date Published: 2025 Author (Publisher): Vedant Singh (Journal of Engineering Research and Reports)
Abstract
In this paper, the viewpoints of people with disabilities are also examined, focusing on the positive impact that modern innovations based on artificial intelligence will have on these people's lives. Currently, more than one billion people worldwide have a disability, and AI offers an opportunity in the areas of mobility, communication and cognitive functions. Mobility assistive technologies with AI, like innovative wheelchairs and exoskeletons, enhance users' independence by providing adaptive self-driven support and control. In interaction, speech recognition and text-to-speech technologies help the physically disabled interact with others. Cognitive support technologies are applications that assist users with memory problems, autism, or learning disabilities and serve to manage activities and train cognition. The paper also identifies major technologies that underpin these innovations, such as Natural Language Processing, Computer Vision and Machine Learning. However, there has not been a total eradication of the challenges associated with using AI, including but not limited to massive costs, data privacy acts, and biased AI models. Other ethical factors should be considered to make access fair for all. The future of AI-enabled assistive technologies is with Smart Cities & IoT: Embracing social connectedness and improving health and well-being. Efforts by policymakers, technologists, and society are needed to develop solutions that are open, cheap, and user-centered.
Keywords
AI-powered Assistive Technologies, Mobility Aids, Communication Devices, Natural Language Processing (NLP), Machine Learning, Data Privacy
Vedant Singh (Journal of Engineering Research and Reports)
2025
In this paper, the viewpoints of people with disabilities are also examined, focusing on the positive impact that modern innovations based on artificial intelligence will have on these people's lives.
Evaluating GenAI Through the Lens of Responsible AI Principles
Evaluating GenAI Through the Lens of Responsible AI Principles
Type: Report Date Published: 2025 Author (Publisher): Steve Jacobs (IDEAL Group)
Abstract
This article explores how Generative AI can be both innovative and ethical in education, measuring its systems up against global standards for responsible, inclusive, and trustworthy AI.
This article explores how Generative AI can be both innovative and ethical in education, measuring its systems up against global standards for responsible, inclusive, and trustworthy AI.
As generative AI (GenAI) becomes more widely used in web content creation, assessing the accessibility of AI-generated websites is increasingly important for ensuring inclusive digital experiences. This study evaluates the accessibility performance of two GenAI-based website builders, Wix and Framer, using the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) as a benchmark. Accessibility was assessed using a combination of automated testing with the WAVE evaluation tool and manual inspection by two reviewers. Common issues included missing or vague alternative text, improper heading structures, inaccessible keyboard navigation, and inconsistently labeled interactive elements. While both platforms demonstrated some progress toward accessible design, neither consistently produced content that fully met WCAG 2.1 requirements. However, Wix-generated sites contained fewer accessibility errors and more consistent semantic HTML structure than those produced by Framer. Notably, Wix outperformed Framer according to the manual evaluations, indicating that platform design has a greater impact on accessibility outcomes than user prompts alone. These findings highlight ongoing gaps in current AI-driven website generation tools and underscore the need for better training models, stronger semantic understanding, and real-time accessibility guidance during content creation.
Katelyn Leedy et al. (Mindtrek '25: 28th International Academic Mindtrek)
2025
As generative AI (GenAI) becomes more widely used in web content creation, assessing the accessibility of AI-generated websites is increasingly important for ensuring inclusive digital experiences. This study evaluates the accessibility performance of two GenAI-based website builders, Wix and Framer, using the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) as a benchmark. Accessibility was assessed using a combination of automated testing with the WAVE evaluation tool and manual inspection by two reviewers.
A disability-inclusive Artificial Intelligence Act: A guide to monitor implementation in your country
A disability-inclusive Artificial Intelligence Act: A guide to monitor implementation in your country
Type: Report Date Published: 2024 Author (Publisher): European Disability Forum
Abstract
The European Disability Forum toolkit provides guidance for organisations of persons with disabilities on the implementation and monitoring of the European Union's Artificial Intelligence Act (AI Act) in their EU-country. The toolkit offers a detailed overview of the AI Act, highlighting the important sections for the rights of persons with disabilities. It provides practical guidance on navigating the legislative process and suggests strategies for effective advocacy to ensure the perspectives of persons with disabilities are included in the creation and execution of national AI policies.
The European Disability Forum toolkit provides guidance for organisations of persons with disabilities on the implementation and monitoring of the European Union's Artificial Intelligence Act (AI Act) in their EU-country. The toolkit offers a detailed overview of the AI Act, highlighting the important sections for the rights of persons with disabilities. It provides practical guidance on navigating the legislative process and suggests strategies for effective advocacy to ensure the perspectives of persons with disabilities are included in the creation and execution of national AI policies.
The Role and Use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Disability Inclusion
The Role and Use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Disability Inclusion
Type: Report Date Published: 2025 Author (Publisher): Amy Harrison & Natasha Horsfield (Disability Inclusion Helpdesk Report No: 142)
Abstract
This query provides an introductory overview of the role and use of AI in Disability Inclusion work globally. It first looks at what evidence, research, and examples exist on the use of AI to support disability inclusion across different sectors, focusing particularly on the fields of education, health, employment, and humanitarian response. It then considers the opportunities created by AI for the inclusion of people with disabilities, before looking at the risks and challenges posed by AI. The query concludes by providing a light-touch mapping of the key actors working on disability inclusion and AI, including those involved in programming, financing, and research. The query draws on examples, actors, and trends from both the Global North and Global South.
Keywords
Assistive AI, Inclusive Design, Algorithmic Bias, Digital Divide
This query provides an introductory overview of the role and use of AI in Disability Inclusion work globally. It first looks at what evidence, research, and examples exist on the use of AI to support disability inclusion across different sectors, focusing particularly on the fields of education, health, employment, and humanitarian response. It then considers the opportunities created by AI for the inclusion of people with disabilities, before looking at the risks and challenges posed by AI. The query concludes by providing a light-touch mapping of the key actors working on disability inclusion and AI, including those involved in programming, financing, and research. The query draws on examples, actors, and trends from both the Global North and Global South.
Disability Ethics and Education in the Age of Artificial Intelligence: Identifying Ability Bias in ChatGPT and Gemini
Disability Ethics and Education in the Age of Artificial Intelligence: Identifying Ability Bias in ChatGPT and Gemini
Type: Academic Date Published: 2025 Author (Publisher): Jacob Urbina, Peter Vu, Michael Nguyen (Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation: Volume 106)
Abstract
This observational study quantified ability bias in the generative chatbots ChatGPT and Gemini. Using standardized prompts, each model generated 300 descriptions of people, including prompts explicitly referencing disability. Text was parsed and coded for favorable versus limiting qualities. Both models underestimated disability in general population descriptions and, across people/patient/athlete disability prompts, produced fewer favorable qualities and more limitations than for people without disabilities. These results indicate measurable ability bias and omission of disability, underscoring the need for caution in medical use and for more equitable AI development. (Access to full PDF is restricted to subscribers)
Jacob Urbina et al. (Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation: Volume 106)
2025
This observational study quantified ability bias in the generative chatbots ChatGPT and Gemini. Using standardized prompts, each model generated 300 descriptions of people, including prompts explicitly referencing disability. Text was parsed and coded for favorable versus limiting qualities. Both models underestimated disability in general population descriptions and, across people/patient/athlete disability prompts, produced fewer favorable qualities and more limitations than for people without disabilities. These results indicate measurable ability bias and omission of disability, underscoring the need for caution in medical use and for more equitable AI development.
ILO Global Business and Disability Network policy brief: Artificial Intelligence and the Employment of Persons with Disabilities
ILO Global Business and Disability Network policy brief: Artificial Intelligence and the Employment of Persons with Disabilities
Type: Report Date Published: 2025 Author (Publisher): ILO Global Business and Disability Network
Abstract
This policy brief by the ILO Global Business and Disability Network aims to equip companies with an understanding of the implications of Artificial Intelligence (AI) use when it comes to the employment of persons with disabilities – highlighting opportunities to harness, critical risks to mitigate, and actionable recommendations to foster an inclusive and equitable future of work.
This policy brief by the ILO Global Business and Disability Network aims to equip companies with an understanding of the implications of Artificial Intelligence (AI) use when it comes to the employment of persons with disabilities – highlighting opportunities to harness, critical risks to mitigate, and actionable recommendations to foster an inclusive and equitable future of work.
This working paper examines how artificial intelligence (AI) can support students with special education needs (SEN) to achieve their learning goals, while underlining key risks and limitations. It defines central terms and the rationale for using AI in this context and reviews a selection of research-backed AI tools that aim to empower students with SEN. Based on this review, it highlights risks and limitations to consider and mitigate when procuring, creating and employing AI-enabled tools for students with SEN and beyond. The paper discusses governance and operational mechanisms for ensuring their implementation is ethical, sustainable and secure. It concludes with policy Considerations for developing, selecting and integrating AI tools to foster inclusive education, particularly related to ethical design, research and monitoring, data protection and security, and accountability.
Keywords
Special education needs, Data privacy, Teacher training
This working paper examines how artificial intelligence (AI) can support students with special education needs (SEN) to achieve their learning goals, while underlining key risks and limitations. It defines central terms and the rationale for using AI in this context and reviews a selection of research-backed AI tools that aim to empower students with SEN. Based on this review, it highlights risks and limitations to consider and mitigate when procuring, creating and employing AI-enabled tools for students with SEN and beyond. The paper discusses governance and operational mechanisms for ensuring their implementation is ethical, sustainable and secure. It concludes with policy Considerations for developing, selecting and integrating AI tools to foster inclusive education, particularly related to ethical design, research and monitoring, data protection and security, and accountability.
Workshop Summary: Towards a Deaf-led approach to AI BSL Procurement
Workshop Summary: Towards a Deaf-led approach to AI BSL Procurement
Type: Report Date Published: 2025 Author (Publisher): MCTD Cambridge
Abstract
The report report examines how current AI procurement practices exclude Deaf expertise, finding that Deaf linguists, third sector organisations, and British Sign Language (BSL) users themselves are more frequently testing pre-built Sign Language AI systems than co-designing them. The report exposing suggested an alternative Deaf-led governance model which would improve the commissioning, design, deployment, and evaluation of Sign Language AI tools by public institutions.
Keywords
Deaf-led Procurement, Sign Language, Public standards
The report report examines how current AI procurement practices exclude Deaf expertise, finding that Deaf linguists, third sector organisations, and British Sign Language (BSL) users themselves are more frequently testing pre-built Sign Language AI systems than co-designing them. The report exposing suggested an alternative Deaf-led governance model which would improve the commissioning, design, deployment, and evaluation of Sign Language AI tools by public institutions.
Type: Report Date Published: 2025 Author (Publisher): European Commission
Abstract
Present day healthcare systems face several complex challenges, including rising demand due to an aging population, increasing prevalence of chronic and complex conditions, rising costs, and shortages in the healthcare workforce. Artificial intelligence (AI) has the potential to address some of these by improving operational efficiency, reducing administrative burdens, and enhancing diagnosis and treatment pathways. Despite the promise and availability AI-based tools in the market, their deployment in clinical practice is slow. The study identifies a range of challenges to AI deployment in healthcare, spanning technological and data-related issues, legal and regulatory complexities, organisational and business challenges, and social and cultural barriers. It also highlights successful strategies (accelerators) employed by hospitals globally to overcome these common obstacles, offering valuable inspiration in the broader European Union (EU) context. This report presents considerations for future action and proposes a monitoring and indicators framework that could enable progress to be tracked with the view of enabling the sustainable integration of AI into healthcare systems.
Keywords
AI Deployment, Clinical Regulation, Data Governance
Present day healthcare systems face several complex challenges, including rising demand due to an aging population, increasing prevalence of chronic and complex conditions, rising costs, and shortages in the healthcare workforce. Artificial intelligence (AI) has the potential to address some of these by improving operational efficiency, reducing administrative burdens, and enhancing diagnosis and treatment pathways. Despite the promise and availability AI-based tools in the market, their deployment in clinical practice is slow. The study identifies a range of challenges to AI deployment in healthcare, spanning technological and data-related issues, legal and regulatory complexities, organisational and business challenges, and social and cultural barriers. It also highlights successful strategies (accelerators) employed by hospitals globally to overcome these common obstacles, offering valuable inspiration in the broader European Union (EU) context. This report presents considerations for future action and proposes a monitoring and indicators framework that could enable progress to be tracked with the view of enabling the sustainable integration of AI into healthcare systems.
The use of generative AI by students with disabilities in higher education
The use of generative AI by students with disabilities in higher education
Type: Academic Date Published: 2025 Author (Publisher): Xin Zhao, Andrew Cox, Xuanning Chen (The Internet and Higher Education: Volume 66)
Abstract
The use of generative AI is controversial in education largely because of its potential impact on academic integrity. Yet some scholars have suggested it could be particularly beneficial for students with disabilities. To date there has been no empirical research to discover how these students use generative AI in academic writing. Informed by a prior interview study and AI-literacy model, we surveyed students regarding their use of generative AI, and gained 124 valid responses from students with disabilities. We identified primary conditions affecting writing such as ADHD, dyslexia, dyspraxia, and autism. The main generative AI used were chatbots, particularly ChatGPT, and rewriting applications. They were used in a wide range of academic writing tasks. Key concerns students with disabilities had included the inaccuracy of AI answers, risks to academic integrity, and subscription cost barriers. Students expressed a strong desire to participate in AI policymaking and for universities to provide generative AI training. The paper concludes with recommendations to address educational disparities and foster inclusivity.
Keywords
ChatGPT, Generative AI, Students with disabilities, Academic writing, AI literacy
Xin Zhaoet al. (The Internet and Higher Education: Volume 66)
2025
The use of generative AI is controversial in education largely because of its potential impact on academic integrity. Yet some scholars have suggested it could be particularly beneficial for students with disabilities. To date there has been no empirical research to discover how these students use generative AI in academic writing. Informed by a prior interview study and AI-literacy model, we surveyed students regarding their use of generative AI, and gained 124 valid responses from students with disabilities. We identified primary conditions affecting writing such as ADHD, dyslexia, dyspraxia, and autism.
Summary of CAN-ASC-6.2:2025 – Accessible and Equitable Artificial Intelligence Systems
Summary of CAN-ASC-6.2:2025 – Accessible and Equitable Artificial Intelligence Systems
Type: Report Date Published: 2025 Author (Publisher): Accessibility Standards Canada
Abstract
This is the first edition of the CAN-ASC-6.2:2025 - Accessible and Equitable Artificial Intelligence Systems Standard. This Standard will help organizations achieve, create and use AI that: gives equitable benefits to people with disabilities, avoids causing unfair harm, protects rights and freedoms of people with disabilities, and treats people with disabilities with respect and gives them choices, including the choice not to use AI. The first 9 Clauses of this Standard cover details on the Standard Development Organization (SDO) and the technical committee responsible for developing the Standard, legal obligations, and how the Standard should be used.
This is the first edition of the CAN-ASC-6.2:2025 - Accessible and Equitable Artificial Intelligence Systems Standard. This Standard will help organizations achieve, create and use AI that: gives equitable benefits to people with disabilities, avoids causing unfair harm, protects rights and freedoms of people with disabilities, and treats people with disabilities with respect and gives them choices, including the choice not to use AI. The first 9 Clauses of this Standard cover details on the Standard Development Organization (SDO) and the technical committee responsible for developing the Standard, legal obligations, and how the Standard should be used.
Type: Academic Date Published: 2026 Author (Publisher): Microsoft
Abstract
Build your AI expertise with a free course created for the disability community. Learn how to use and implement AI tools to boost productivity, streamline tasks, and create impact.
Build your AI expertise with a free course created for the disability community. Learn how to use and implement AI tools to boost productivity, streamline tasks, and create impact.
The article describes work to improve how disability is portrayed in AI-generated images, noting that missing or distorted representation can reinforce stigma and erode trust. The work involved partnering with disability organizations and Microsoft Research, with an example from Tilting The Lens CEO Sinéad Burke.
Keywords
AI imagery, Disability Representation, Training data
The article describes work to improve how disability is portrayed in AI-generated images, noting that missing or distorted representation can reinforce stigma and erode trust. The work involved partnering with disability organizations and Microsoft Research, with an example from Tilting The Lens CEO Sinéad Burke.
The future is assistive: How AI and accessibility will shape the next decade of work
The future is assistive: How AI and accessibility will shape the next decade of work
Type: Blog/ Opinion Date Published: 2025 Author (Publisher): Neil Milliken (ATOS)
Abstract
The blog argues that the “next decade of work” will be increasingly assistive as AI and accessibility converge. It highlights three shifts: multimodal interfaces, intelligent agents that learn individual access needs and can reduce cognitive load, and ambient computing where supportive adaptations fade into the background.
The blog argues that the “next decade of work” will be increasingly assistive as AI and accessibility converge. It highlights three shifts: multimodal interfaces, intelligent agents that learn individual access needs and can reduce cognitive load, and ambient computing where supportive adaptations fade into the background.
The Inclusive Tech Lab page provides ready-to-paste generative-AI prompts to help designers “recognize exclusion” by brainstorming potential barriers for people with disabilities and assistive-technology mismatches across websites, mobile apps, and games.
The Inclusive Tech Lab page provides ready-to-paste generative-AI prompts to help designers “recognize exclusion” by brainstorming potential barriers for people with disabilities and assistive-technology mismatches across websites, mobile apps, and games.
Type: Blog/ Opinion Date Published: 2026 Author (Publisher): David Banes (Medium)
Abstract
The post argues that the Mobley v. Workday lawsuit matters because AI hiring systems can screen out disabled applicants at scale, often without explanation, accommodation, or appeal—turning “bias” from a technical glitch into a civil-rights issue.
Keywords
AI Hiring, Vendor Accountability, Disability Rights
The post argues that the Mobley v. Workday lawsuit matters because AI hiring systems can screen out disabled applicants at scale, often without explanation, accommodation, or appeal—turning “bias” from a technical glitch into a civil-rights issue.
The Impact of AI on Assistive and Inclusive Consumer Technologies: What It Means for Access, Inclusion, Policy and Provision
The Impact of AI on Assistive and Inclusive Consumer Technologies: What It Means for Access, Inclusion, Policy and Provision
Type: Blog/ Opinion Date Published: 2025 Author (Publisher): David Banes (Medium)
Abstract
The piece explains how AI is shifting assistive technology from specialized, static devices to adaptive features embedded in everyday consumer tech (phones, smart speakers, wearables).
The piece explains how AI is shifting assistive technology from specialized, static devices to adaptive features embedded in everyday consumer tech (phones, smart speakers, wearables).
AI Transforming Assistive and Inclusive Technologies
AI Transforming Assistive and Inclusive Technologies
Type: Blog/ Opinion Date Published: 2025 Author (Publisher): David Banes (OEB)
Abstract
The piece argues that AI is moving accessibility from specialized devices into mainstream consumer, workplace, and education tech that can adapt to individuals (speech, captions, translation, adaptive interfaces).
The piece argues that AI is moving accessibility from specialized devices into mainstream consumer, workplace, and education tech that can adapt to individuals (speech, captions, translation, adaptive interfaces).
Designing Justice: How AI Can Support or Undermine Access for People with Cognitive Disabilities
Designing Justice: How AI Can Support or Undermine Access for People with Cognitive Disabilities
Type: Blog/ Opinion Date Published: 2025 Author (Publisher): David Banes (Medium)
Abstract
The piece argues that AI in courts and legal services can expand access for people with autism, intellectual disabilities, and other cognitive disabilities, but can also misinterpret neurodivergent communication, force rigid inputs, and embed bias in risk/decision tools.
Keywords
Legal AI, Cognitive Accessibility, Human Escalation
Added: 2025/Q4
David Banes (Medium)
2025
The piece argues that AI in courts and legal services can expand access for people with autism, intellectual disabilities, and other cognitive disabilities, but can also misinterpret neurodivergent communication, force rigid inputs, and embed bias in risk/decision tools.
White paper on Disability Inclusive Digital Legislative Environments
White paper on Disability Inclusive Digital Legislative Environments – Protecting the Rights of Persons with Disabilities in the age of Digitalization and Artificial Intelligence in the Digital Fitness Check.
This whitepaper brings together the legislative obligations concerning Digitalization and Artificial Intelligence in Europe as well as the obligation in protection of human rights to ensure full participation of the European Disability community. With current proposal – simplification and consolidation of the Digital Rulebook translated into the Digital Omnibus1 – earlier strong regulations connecting both together, will be undermined and can result in a new step back for the disability community. While digitalization and Artificial Intelligence are growing fast into our fast-digitalizing world. Now it is the time to act and prevent new barriers before they can even be created in the first place.
Keywords
AI Governance, Policy Reform, Disability-Inclusive Digital Legislation
This whitepaper brings together the legislative obligations concerning Digitalization and Artificial Intelligence in Europe as well as the obligation in protection of human rights to ensure full participation of the European Disability community. With current proposal – simplification and consolidation of the Digital Rulebook translated into the Digital Omnibus1 – earlier strong regulations connecting both together, will be undermined and can result in a new step back for the disability community. While digitalization and Artificial Intelligence are growing fast into our fast-digitalizing world. Now it is the time to act and prevent new barriers before they can even be created in the first place.
Do Plagiarism and AI-Detection Tools discriminate against people with disabilities?
Do Plagiarism and AI-Detection Tools discriminate against people with disabilities?
Type: Blog/ Opinion Date Published: 2026 Author (Publisher): David Banes (Medium)
Abstract
Plagiarism and AI-detection tools have now become part of the underlying structure of both the education and employment systems. They determine which assignments are flagged, which applications are sieved, and which individuals need to explain their writing methods. These systems are often viewed as neutral instruments that maintain integrity and efficiency. However, for many people with disabilities, they form a barrier to entry rather than act as a protection against misconduct. This is not about dishonesty. It’s about accessibility, unintentional discrimination, and design decisions.
This post argues that plagiarism and AI-detection tools for many persons with disabilities form a barrier to entry rather than act as a protection against misconduct.
Artificial Intelligence: A starter's guide for NGOs and DPOs
#ZeroCon26 Artificial Intelligence: A starter's guide for NGOs and DPOs
Type: Video Date Published: 2026 Author (Publisher): David Banes, Bernard Chiira, Christopher Mierbach, David Banes, Jyothi Bezawada, Rylin Rodgers (ZeroCon26)
Abstract
How can Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) and Organizations of Persons with Disabilities (OPDs) use AI tools to streamline tasks, improve accessibility of their communications and advocate for equitable use of AI in their communities. A session focused on practitioners with a lot of Q&A.
How can Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) and Organizations of Persons with Disabilities (OPDs) use AI tools to streamline tasks, improve accessibility of their communications and advocate for equitable use of AI in their communities. A session focused on practitioners with a lot of Q&A.
Artificial Intelligence - Is It Reframing Assistive Technologies?
#ZeroCon26 Artificial Intelligence - Is It Reframing Assistive Technologies?
Type: Video Date Published: 2026 Author (Publisher): David Banes, Mary Fernandez-Arias (ZeroCon26)
Abstract
This Fireside Chat explores whether artificial intelligence offers an opportunity to move beyond “assistive technology” toward technology that adapts to people, rather than requiring people to adapt to technology.
This Fireside Chat explores whether artificial intelligence offers an opportunity to move beyond “assistive technology” toward technology that adapts to people, rather than requiring people to adapt to technology.
#ZeroCon26 AI imagery of persons with disabilities
Type: Video Date Published: 2026 Author (Publisher): Jenny Lay-Flurrie, Sinéad Burke (ZeroCon26)
Abstract
AI offers huge benefits for disabled people, but training on biased media leads to harmful, exclusionary portrayals, so image models must embed accurate and respectful disability representation.
AI offers huge benefits for disabled people, but training on biased media leads to harmful, exclusionary portrayals, so image models must embed accurate and respectful disability representation.
Haptics, Avatars, AI: communication access for the deaf and hard of hearing
#ZeroCon26 Haptics, Avatars, AI: communication access for the deaf and hard of hearing
Type: Video Date Published: 2026 Author (Publisher): Ambrose Murangira, Alex Le Peltier, Drushya Musham, Nancy Abraham, Norah Kimathi (ZeroCon26)
Abstract
This session features Zero Project Awardees of 2026 from Africa, Europe, and Asia advancing communication for persons who are deaf or hard of hearing through innovation in haptics, AI translation, and STEM education. This session will showcase technologies that expand independence and bridge communication barriers worldwide.
Keywords
Deaf Communication, Assistive Technology, AI Translation, Haptics, STEM Education
This session features Zero Project Awardees of 2026 from Africa, Europe, and Asia advancing communication for persons who are deaf or hard of hearing through innovation in haptics, AI translation, and STEM education. This session will showcase technologies that expand independence and bridge communication barriers worldwide.
Episode 27: Disability, Accessibility and AI with David Banes
Type: Podcast Date Published: 2026 Author (Publisher): Natasha Broomfield-Reid & David Banes (Diverse Talk Matters)
Abstract
In this episode of Diverse Talk Matters, we’re diving into one of the most important and fast-moving conversations of our time: disability, accessibility and artificial intelligence. Natasha Broomfield-Reid is joined by David Banes, a global leader in accessibility, assistive technology and inclusive innovation, with over 40 years of experience working at the intersection of disability, education, policy and emerging technology. David shares his deep insight into how AI can be a powerful enabler for disabled people, while also unpacking the very real risks if inclusion and equity are not built in from the start. Together, we explore what AI gets right, where it falls short, and why bias, data, transparency and decision-making systems matter so much for disabled people. From recruitment and employment to healthcare, assistive technology and everyday workplace tools, this conversation cuts through the hype to focus on what meaningful, accessible innovation really looks like. We also discuss the myths around cost and complexity, the importance of lived experience in AI design, and why prompt-writing and critical thinking are becoming essential skills for everyone. David offers practical reflections on how organisations, employers and disabled people themselves can engage with AI in ways that support independence, inclusion and opportunity, rather than exclusion and harm. This is an honest, thought-provoking and hopeful conversation about the future of work, technology and accessibility, and a reminder that when we design for those most often left out, everyone benefits. Tune in to hear: - How AI can enhance accessibility when designed inclusively - Where bias and discrimination creep into automated decision-making - Why disabled voices must be central to AI development - Practical examples of everyday tech already supporting access - The skills we all need to use AI responsibly and effectively
Natasha Broomfield-Reid & David Banes (Diverse Talk Matters)
2026
In this episode of Diverse Talk Matters, the focus is on disability, accessibility and artificial intelligence. Natasha Broomfield-Reid is joined by David Banes, a global leader in accessibility, assistive technology and inclusive innovation, with over 40 years of experience working at the intersection of disability, education, policy and emerging technology. David shares his deep insight into how AI can be a powerful enabler for disabled people, while also unpacking the very real risks if inclusion and equity are not built in from the start.
AI (Artificial Intelligence) and other advanced technologies could support neurodivergent learners in VET (Vocational Education and Training) settings, including in work-based learning and apprenticeships, and the transition to work. This report explores the use of these technologies by learners with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), dyslexia, dyscalculia and dysgraphia, and by teachers and trainers catering for diverse needs. Drawing on insights from over 50 stakeholder interviews, the report highlights the potential of these technologies to make VET more adaptive, accessible and inclusive. For instance, Extended Reality (XR) technologies can enable immersive, adaptable and practice-oriented learning, while accessibility tools (e.g. speech-to-text) have become more accurate in recent years due to advances in AI and in cloud computing. The use of AI and other advanced technologies raises risks related to data privacy, bias, socio-emotional well-being and skill development, many of which also apply to the wider learner population. The report’s policy guidelines highlight the important role that governments can play in equipping VET teachers and trainers with the right skills, supporting the assistive technology ecosystem, and helping neurodivergent learners, VET institutions and employers to navigate new technological advances.
Keywords
Employment, Education and skills, Artificial Intelligence (AI), Adult skills and work, AI and work, Vocational education and training (VET), Vocational education and training (VET) skills
AI (Artificial Intelligence) and other advanced technologies could support neurodivergent learners in VET (Vocational Education and Training) settings, including in work-based learning and apprenticeships, and the transition to work. This report explores the use of these technologies by learners with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), dyslexia, dyscalculia and dysgraphia, and by teachers and trainers catering for diverse needs.
The Disability Ethical AI? Alliance (DEAI) was founded by Susan Scott-Parker OBE at Scott-Parker International with IBM and Oxford Brookes University Institute for Ethical Artificial Intelligence. This is an informal thought leadership initiative that offers a wide range of resources on the topic of Disability Ethical AI.
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